The Presidential Election President Carter Essay

Ever since President Carter, there have been disputes of how to reform the election process of the Democratic nominee for the general election. Both teams presented their arguments explicitly of why or why not the superdelegates should be abolished from the Presidential Nomination System. Both teams were only able to touch at least one main argument from the assigned reading and provided examples of present and past events to reinforce their position. However, the negative team seemed more compelling because of a contradictory argument found within the affirmative team position paper, their strong use of the assigned readings main argument in contrast to the affirmative team, and their solid arguments validating the superdelegates representation of the Democratic Party during the oral debate. The assigned reading from Cohn and Monkovic provides several insights of the pros and cons of the superdelegates. They discuss how this Presidential Election is a mess right now and how the media completely ignored the Democratic National Convention’s error of counting superdelegates votes before they actually voted at the convention itself (Cohn Monkovic, 2016). Secondly, they mention how the media portrayed Sanders’ loss being solely based on the superdelegates when polls themselves demonstrate how unpopular Sanders was within the black voters (Cohn Monkovic, 2016). However, superdelegates can overturn the popular vote’s outcome stating it could be the total vote or caucusShow MoreRelatedThe Presidential Election Of The United States1507 Words   |  7 PagesThe 1980 presidential election of the United States featured three primary candidates, Republican Ronald Reagan, Democrat Jimmy Carter and liberal Republican John Anderson. Ronald Reagan was the governo r of California before he decided to run for the presidency. John Anderson was a representative in Illinois and Carter was the incumbent. The lengthy Iran hostage crisis sharpened public opinions by the beginning of the election season. In the 1970s, the United States were experiencing a strainingRead MoreThe Presidential Election Of 1980 Essay1442 Words   |  6 PagesUnited States presidential election of 1980 was held. The competition was between incumbent Democratic President Jimmy Carter and his opponent, former Californian Republican Governor, Ronald Reagan. Reagan, assisted by a falling economy complicated by inflation and high unemployment, and the Iran hostage crisis, Reagan would win the election in a sweep, receiving the largest number of electoral votes ever tallied by a presidential candidate not currently in office. Jimmy Carter, who beat out EdwardRead MoreFor Americans, The 1976 Presidential Election Was As Confusing1047 Words   |  5 PagesAmericans, the 19 76 presidential election was as confusing as it was exciting. Several factors made it dramatically different and more complex than any other election before. In both parties, the mood of the 1976 campaign was deeply influenced by past disasters. Democrats kept recalling the enormous defeat they suffered in 1972 and Republicans could not seem to move beyond the Watergate scandal they had just endured. What I find interesting about this election is how Jimmy Carter went from beingRead MoreA Free Fair Election Is The Keystone Of Every Democracy1429 Words   |  6 PagesA free and fair election is the keystone of every democracy. It is essential for a peaceful transfer of power. The elected leaders shape the future of the society.   Therefore, elections empower the ordinary citizens. Through elections, the citizens are able to influence the policies which made by the government, and thus, their future. The US has been in the forefront in democracy since the year 1788 when the Constitution was ratified. However, the electoral tradition was established during the colonialRead MoreEssay On Sjl908 Words   |  4 PagesIn the presidential terms following Ford’s SNL stayed out of the political headlines. Dan Akyroyd as Jimmy Carter and (most notably) Phil Hartman as Ronald Reagan made waves comedically, though they didn’t cause much controversy. Rather than targeting the presidents and exploiting their weaknesses, Akyroyd and Hartman took a more pleasant path (Compton, 2016). Because of that fact, neither Carter nor Reagan felt compelled to mention SNL nevertheless guest star on the show. For a while, that seemedRead MoreTheu.s. S Foreign Policy1274 Words   |  6 Pagesabandonment of the Shah western direction. This led him to have hostility both superpowers at the time. During this time of restructuring Iran tried to export its brand of Islamic revival to other neighbor ing Muslim countries. On October 1979 President Carter allowed for the Shah to the U.S. to receive treatment for cancer. This outraged the country of Iran. On November 4 1979 Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini sanctioned for Iranian students to seize the U.S. embassy in Tehran. With his approval the crowdRead MoreGeorgia Case Analysis1682 Words   |  7 PagesGeorgia is a state that has a political history that is very similar to many of its southern neighbors. The state succeeded during the Civil War and the election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860. During the period of Reconstruction, the state was forced to have two Republican Governors, but once regular elections returned in 1872 the state has seen an unprecedent streak of democratic governors. Not until 2003 did a Republican Governor reign over the state since Reconstruction. While many other southernRead MoreEssay Haiti Corrupt Government1589 Words   |  7 Pagesmilitary went on to guide the campaign and the elections in a way that gave Duvalier every possible advantage (Haiti). These events lead to a downward spiral of an already devastated Haitian government. Papa Doc manipulated the current government to his own desires. He created a new constitution, replaced the bicameral legislature with a unicameral body and decreed presidential and legislative elections. Despite a 1957 prohibition against presidential reelection, Duvalier ran for office and wonRead MoreHistory 175 Quiz 41448 Words   |  6 Pagessolid South. |    | African Americans in the South would be voting in growing numbers. |    | Republicans were going to have a difficult time winning elections in the South. |    | Democratic politicians in the South were solidly behind federal civil rights legislation. | 2.   One surprising development in the 1972 presidential election was    | strong conservative support for Richard Nixon. |    | Richard Nixons strength among southern, Catholic, urban, and blue-collar voters. |   Read MorePresidential Election Outcomes From American History2856 Words   |  12 PagesPresidential election outcomes can be determined by a plethora of factors which include the candidate’s own charisma and appeal, his rhetorics, his background (for instance, if he is related to a past president), the strength of his campaign, or his actual message. Though a president’s rhetorics and campaigning are crucial to a presidential election, in the end, as James Carville stated in Bill Clinton’s 1992 Presidential Campaign with his slogan â€Å"It’s the economy, stupid,† the economy is and always

The Presence Of Rat Model Of Parkinson s Disease Induced...

The present study was established to show revealed the presence of neurochemical and histopathological changes in the cerebellum of rat model of Parkinson’s disease induced by the intrastriatal injection of rotenone. This may change the strategy of the disease treatment that depends mainly on the restoration of dopamine levels in the basal ganglia. The present findings showed the development of hyperexcitability in the cerebellum of rat model of PD induced by intrastriatal injection of rotenone. This was indicated from the significant increase in the excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters; glutamate and aspartate and the significant decrease in the inhibitory amino acids; GABA, glycine and taurine. These neurotransmitters are involved in many functions such as motor behavior, cognition, and emotion (Ottersen and Storm-Mathisen, 1986, Schmidt et al., 1992)1,2. The balance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission is important for brain to sustain proper neuronal function (Mel et al., 2004)[1]. Perturbation in glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission is associated with several neurological and psychiatric disorders (Sanacora et al., 2004) (3) [glutamate gaba balance 1]. Functional neuroimaging study using PET or blood oxygen level-dependent functional MRI frequently demonstrated increased activation in the cerebellum in patients with PD during performance of various upper limb movements (Rascol et al., 1997; Catalan et al., 1999; Wu and Hallett, 2005; Yu etShow MoreRelatedThe Presence Of Rat Model Of Parkinson s Disease Induced By The Intrastriatal Injection Of Rotenone Essay1309 Words   |  6 PagesThe present study revealed the presence of neurochemical and histopathological changes in the cerebellum of rat model of Parkinson’s disease induced by the intrastriatal injection of rotenone. This may change the strategy of the disease treatment that depends mainly on the restoration of dopamine levels in the basal ganglia. The present findings showed the development of hyperexcitability in the cerebellum of rat model of PD induced by intrastriatal injection of rotenone. This was indicated from the The Presence Of Rat Model Of Parkinson s Disease Induced... The present study revealed the presence of neurochemical and histopathological changes in the cerebellum of rat model of Parkinson’s disease induced by the intrastriatal injection of rotenone. This may change the strategy of the disease treatment that depends mainly on the restoration of dopamine levels in the basal ganglia. The present findings showed the development of hyperexcitability in the cerebellum of rat model of PD induced by intrastriatal injection of rotenone. This was indicated from the significant increase in the excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters; glutamate and aspartate and the significant decrease in the inhibitory amino acids; GABA, glycine and taurine. These neurotransmitters are involved in many functions such as motor behavior, cognition, and emotion (Ottersen and Storm-Mathisen, 1986, Schmidt et al., 1992)1,2. The balance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission is important for brain to sustain proper neuronal function (Mel et al., 2004)[1]. Perturbation in glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission is associated with several neurological and psychiatric disorders (Sanacora et al., 2004) (3) [glutamate gaba balance 1]. Functional neuroimaging study using PET or blood oxygen level-dependent functional MRI frequently demonstrated increased activation in the cerebellum in patients with PD during performance of various upper limb movements (Rascol et al., 1997; Catalan et al., 1999; Wu and Hallett, 2005; Yu et al., 2007; Wu et al.,Show MoreRelatedThe Presence Of Rat Model Of Parkinson s Disease Induced By The Intrastriatal Injection Of Rotenone1107 Words   |  5 Pagesestablished to show revealed the presence of neurochemical and histopathological changes in the cerebellum of rat model of Parkinson’s disease induced by the intrastriatal injection of rotenone. This may change the strategy of the disease treatment that depends mainly on the restoration of dopamine levels in the basal ganglia. The present findings showed the development of hyperexcitability in the cerebellum of rat model of PD induced by intrastriatal injection of rotenone. This was indicated from the

Project Management Process [in Construction] Free Essays

string(101) " the time and work required in making changes increases rapidly as the design becomes more detailed\." ADVANCE PROJECT MANAGEMENT Project Management Process [In Construction Project] Ibtisam, Badar Reg. No— CIIT/SP13-RPM-292/CVC CIIT/SP13-RPMEmail: sp13rpm292@vcomsats. edu. We will write a custom essay sample on Project Management Process [in Construction] or any similar topic only for you Order Now pk Project Management Process | 2 Project Management Processes A PROJECT MANAGEMENT Process is the management process of planning and controlling the performance or execution of a project. Project management is one of the critical processes of any project. This is due to the fact that project management is the core process that connects all other project activities and processes together. Project management is a responsible process. The project management process connects all other project activities together and creates the harmony in the project. Therefore, the project management team should have a detailed understanding on the all project management processes and the tools that they can make use for each project management process. When it comes to the activities of project management, there are plenty. However, these plenty of project management activities can be categorized into five main processes. THE FIVE PROJECT PROCESS GROUPS . Initiation 2. Planning 3. Implementation / Execution 4. Monitoring, Evaluation Control 5. Closure Project Management Process | 3 Project Management Process [In Construction Project] In my all working career, I only deal with two types of projects, i. e. IT and Construction Project. So if someone asks to me where you have to invest, I will prefer these two areas. In this report, I’m discussing about construction project managem ent process. As I believe, construction is a field which boosts jobs and help in unemployment. In this report, I want to talk about project management process according to new project of Housing society or Villas construction project. I will consider this project according to each phase and step of project management process. Project Initiating The Initiating phase of the Construction project management process is where the project gets defined and authorized by management. The inputs to this phase are usually a statement of work or a contract given to you by the project sponsor. Other inputs are the environmental factors of your organization such as policies, procedures, and cultures to name a few. The output of the Initiating process is a Project Charter, focus on project scope and costs issue, set major milestones, and a Preliminary Project Scope Statement. We value leading the Project with a commitment that allows for nothing but success. By embracing new ideas, working well with our partners, meeting challenges with enthusiasm, and serving as positive advocates for the project, we will provide the leadership required for exceptional delivery. We value managing the Project well by clarifying our priorities, defining expectations and directing all efforts toward addressing the most critical issues first. Working hard to determine what must be done to guide potential toward opportunity will provide the focus we need to succeed. We value the resources entrusted to us. By developing and recognizing our staff, practicing fiscal responsibility, measuring and reporting on performance, delivering what we promise, keeping to a schedule, and communicating with honesty and transparency, we will demonstrate our integrity. Measures of Success †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Safety: No Recordable or lost time injuries and reportable injuries lower than the industry average Schedule: Meet or eat established project milestones Budget: Manage risks to contain costs within budget Quality: Conform to project requirements without adverse effects on milestones or budget Environmental Compliance: Complete project without permit violations. Public Perception: Strong Community Support Through Effective Communication Project Management Process | 4 Project Planning Once a contract has been aw arded: It is the responsibility of the project staff to review the item material lists and arrange for deletion of material codes that will not be required. They shall also request addition of item material codes that they determine are necessary. Site Manager staff reviews the uploaded data in Site Manager for accuracy prior to making a project active. If the contract contains more than one category, the site manager staff will discuss with the project engineer and supervising engineer (SE) the need to keep the multiple categories. The SE will determine if the Site Manager staff should process an administrative construction order to combine Categories with like federal funding. A preconstruction meeting with the Contractor must be held for all Contracts awarded. The purposes of the meeting are: †¢ To review the Contract, especially job-specific special provisions. †¢ To discuss Project features, particularly those that may present problems. †¢ To discuss Environmental Permits and concerns. †¢ To discuss the potential problems of water pollution and soil erosion. †¢ To review the Contractor’s proposed progress schedule. †¢ To review the methods of handling traffic. †¢ To review sampling and testing requirements for materials to be used throughout the construction process. Project Management Process | 5 To address any of the Contractors’ questions concerning the plans and the Contract. Any problems that cannot be resolved at this meeting will be reviewed with the District office, and the final determination will be transmitted to all concerned, and if feasible, incorporated in the written report of the meeting. Start and completion dates for utilities must also be sent to: †¢ the Manager of Fiscal and Special Projects, and †¢ The Transportation Utilities Engineer. Notification should be sent to both of the above within seven days of effective completion date so final audits can be performed. The original of all memorandums regarding project status must be addressed and sent to the Construction Division Chief. The functional requirements for construction planning such as technology choice, work breakdown, and budgeting. Construction planning is not an activity which is restricted to the period after the award of a contract for construction. It should be an essential activity during the facility design. Also, if problems arise during construction, re-planning is required. Project Implementation/Execution In this stage we deal with contract management, Construction Management , and cost management. The integration of the different design aspects almost always requires that changes in approach be made in each aspect to accommodate the others. Such changes should be made as early in the design of the building as possible, since the time and work required in making changes increases rapidly as the design becomes more detailed. You read "Project Management Process [in Construction]" in category "Papers" It is helpful therefore to have a systematic approach to the coordination of these approaches, and the Design Brief is a good opportunity for providing this. It is suggested that some initial indications are included in the Design Brief at the project inception stage, and that the consultants amend these as the design develops. The building envelope consists of all the different elements that make up the fabric of the building, such as the floor, walls, windows and roof. Most of the design decisions relating to the building envelope are the responsibility of the architect and structural engineer. They have a large impact on the thermal performance of the building, and it is therefore essential that the performance of the envelope is coordinated with the design of the HVAC system. This is the area that offers most opportunities for improved building performance through an integrated design approach. Project Management Process | 6 Monitoring, Evaluation Control In this portion we deal with risk management, quality management and also do many kind of testing. Quality control starts with matching expectations about quality levels with budget and scope during planning and design reviews and continues through construction delivery with a program of inspections, tests, and certifications. It requires a coordinated performance among the entire project team in order for a completed building program to fully satisfy a client’s and the building users’ expectations. Having a process implemented at the beginning of the project will help define the goals as well as provide a continuous measurement system over time to make sure the objectives are being met. The responsibility rests withe project team and the project owner. Also the manager who has †general management† or †project owner† jurisdiction also shares in the residual responsibility. This process is done at many levels such as: – The individual professional’s level – The work package level – The functional manager’s level – The project team level – The general manager’s level – The project owner’s level Project audits provide the opportunity to have an independent appraisal of where the project stands and the efficiency and effectiveness with which the project is being managed. Audits can be planned periodicly, but also requested when there is a sense that the project is in trouble, or when a new manager takes over in order to become accustomed with the project. Project audits should: – Determine what is going right or wrong, and why – Identify forces and factors that have prevented achievements of cost, schedule, and technical performance goals and Evaluate the efficacy of existing project management strategy – Provide for an exchange of ideas, information, problems, solutions, and strategies with the project team members The task is to manage the project as it progresses, using the project control systems to maximum advantage. Project control is best analyzed by applying the factors of a unique operation, following its output and measuring its results. All factors are to be considered; labor, materials and equipment. One might also have to consider the role of the subcontractors, as they affect the sequencing of a task. In measuring the factors, the project manager must key in on the productivity of his labor force, measuring output over a given period of time. From these results, the project manager can then make a comparison against the project estimate, and against the objectives to meet the expected goals. To be affected in managing the project, the project manager must exercise three modes of operation. These three modes are planning, communicating and monitoring of the project. The project must be well-planned, each factor of the plan properly communicated, carefully monitored and controlled. Proper planning involves one of the initiatives of the goal setting process, the preparation of the schedules, a solid logistics plan and time-based general conditions established to monitor all phases of construction. The limits of construction should be clear and they must comply with the language of Project Management Process | 7 the contract documents. Collectively, these are the tools needed to compile this information. It must then be the commitment of the project superintendent and labor forces to carry out the tasks within these limits. To properly implement the plan, the plan must be communicated in such a fashion that there is full understanding of its purpose. One successful mode is the construction schedule. This guide to the project must clearly show each activity starting and finishing dates, duration, resources, long lead item purchasing schedule, submittal dates, purchasing dates, materials delivery to site dates all tied together by meaningful relationships, the networking between tasks. Closer conclusion As part of the Project Closure Plan, Suring success of a project the Project Manager needs to remain mindful of the close-out activities that bring a job to its responsible end. The process involves several very important accomplishments that are clearly defined in the construction documents usually in the general conditions section of the specification book. To be successful it is always prudent to be informed and prepared. At the startup of the project a review of each trade section would further help identify needed final submittal information, that each of your subcontractors would be obligated to produce to complete their contract. It is now time to make a close out checklist. This checklist is an excellent tool to include in each subcontract, locking each subcontractor into ownership of their respective final submittal material, whether it is warranties, record drawings, or operation and maintenance manuals a clear reminder at the set time of contract signing is a good way to identify that you are in control. Referencing this information at the halfway point of a longer project would allow you to focus on closing out subcontracts of early finish work completed early, reducing your challenges at the end of the project. The close-out materials are generally comparable to the submission materials required for approval by the architect at the start-up of the work by any trade. At the end of the project a manual including all of these pieces of literature are assembled and you publish this collection to the client via the architect. Additional information may include as-built drawings; replications of the architect plans with markups that identify the changes made and approved throughout the construction period and most certainly, letters of warrantee from each participating subcontractor. process will be developed that will address the things most important to employees as they explore options for their future. During this process, the management team promises to: †¢ Be open and honest about decisions that affect an employee’s position on the team †¢ Work directly with employees to allow opportunities inside and outside the project to develop new skills and refine existing ones †¢ Promptly communicate to employee’s project changes that might affect them. We want to keep employees engaged in the current project and ensure that they are ready for new challenges. Employees can share immediate and long-term plans by completing the Employee Interest Survey described above. The employee’s manager will schedule an informal meeting to discuss the employee’s responses in the Interest Survey. The outcome of this meeting will be to turn those short and long-term goals into an action plan. How to cite Project Management Process [in Construction], Essays

Early Christianity in Ephesus free essay sample

History of success cultural impact of Pauls spreading of religion in 1st Cent. Roman seaport, based on book of Ephesians. The city of Ephesus was a major seaport in the first century Roman empire, located on the Cayster River. The river brought down much silt, forming a fertile plain, which also contributed to the wealth of the city. (Ironically, this same silt eventually filled the harbor and the coast is now three miles west of the city.) However, at the time of Pauls arrival in Ephesus it was a thriving metropolis with a long (and checkered) history. That Paul found any converts in Ephesus is itself a miracle considering both the wealth and the pagan religion that Ephesus was steeped in. Besides its position as a land and sea trading center (being the terminus of one land route and easily accessed by two others, in addition to its favorable port) Ephesus had a unique history with Rome. We will write a custom essay sample on Early Christianity in Ephesus or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Partial recovery came to the western edges of the

14 Top FAQs About Ghostwriting and Hiring A Ghostwriter - The Writers For Hire

14 TOP FAQS ABOUT GHOSTWRITING AND HIRING A GHOSTWRITER Most people might not know this, but many famous books were actually written by ghostwriters and not by the authors listed on the book. The French classics of Alexandre Dumas, The Count of Monte Cristo and The Three Musketeers, are said to be collaborative works done with ghostwriters. Some authors such as V.C. Andrews wrote her own books up until her death when ghostwriters were hired to continue her work. And certainly, most busy celebrities and politicians with published autobiographies probably didn’t have the skills and time to write them without a little (or a lot) of behind-the-scenes help. Whatever the reason to use a ghostwriter, ghostwriting has been a common practice for centuries and you don’t have to be someone famous to use one. Q: What is a ghostwriter and how do I know if I need one? A: A professional writer who gets paid to write anonymously for another person or company is known as a ghostwriter. The person or company hiring the ghostwriter receives all the credit for the book or project and the ghostwriter works behind the scenes. In most cases, the ghostwriter will also be the interviewer, researcher, writer, and editor all rolled into one. There are many reasons someone would want to hire a ghostwriter. If you are looking to establish yourself as an expert, build a business or professional brand, or sell your book to a traditional publisher or even self-publish but don’t have the knowledge or skills to do it yourself, a ghostwriter is a great option. Maybe you don’t know how to write a book or do effective research. Maybe you have too many projects on the table right now and don’t have the time to write everything. Or maybe you just don’t know how to get your ideas and words out onto paper. If any – or all – of these reasons apply, a ghostwriter can be a big asset for you. Q: What kinds of projects do ghostwriters get hired for? A: If you need writing of any type done, there is a ghostwriter out there who will do it. Some call themselves ghostwriters while others may just use the term professional writer, freelance writer, or even copywriter. Regardless of the label, you can find a ghostwriter for all types of writing projects. Some ghostwriters have a strict focus on nonfiction book writing, like biographies and autobiographies, while others write in many different genres. Ghostwriters will write how-to or other nonfiction books, novels, screenplays for movies and the theater, music and lyrics, speeches, comedy acts, TV scripts, blogs, articles for both online outlets and print magazines†¦the list goes on and on. Ghostwriters can also write all types of business materials (like web pages, white papers, and brochures). Some even do academic papers. Q: Where do I find a ghostwriter to hire? A: Through a simple internet search, you will find more writers for hire than you could ever consider in a lifetime. You could narrow this list to writers local to you, then contact and interview them for your ghostwriting needs. There is nothing wrong with starting this way. However, not all ghostwriters are equal, and finding and hiring one can be a time-consuming process. If you are on a deadline, you probably don’t have the time to properly vet a writer that will fit your needs. Upwork and other freelance bidding sites are another way to find ghostwriters. Hubstaff and Fiverr are similar and can be a good starting point to see what is available.Thousands upon thousands of freelance writers list their talents on these types of websites, all vying for writing work. While the writing fees may seem amazing, be aware. Many of the writers submitting bids to you won’t have the qualifications or skills to actually write your project. Writers on these sites live all across the world and may have no knowledge of your topic. They might not even speak your language. Another option is to hire a company who has a whole team of ghostwriters at their disposal, where they have already done the vetting process on the writers’ skills and expertise, and can match you up with the best ghostwriter for your project. Many of these companies also offer extra services inline with your writing project needs, such as editing and proofreading, and even layout, cover design, printing, and distribution services. While there are hundreds of companies, good places to start are The Writers For Hire, Ghostwriters Central, Ghostwriter Inside, or Scribe (formerly Book In A Box). Q: How does the process of hiring a ghostwriter work? A: Whether you use an independent ghostwriter or a ghostwriting company, the process to hire and start working with a ghost is fairly standard. First, interview potential ghostwriters to find one that fits your project and you will feel comfortable working with. While some projects are shorter and don’t take very long, if you’re writing a 250-page book, it could easily take at least nine months to complete. You want to be sure you can have a long-term relationship that fits both of your personalities. During the interview, ask as many questions as you need to get a good sense of the ghost’s qualifications, skill set, and work style. Also try to provide as much information as possible on your project so the writer will know if they can complete the work to your requirements. Once you select a ghostwriter to work with, lay out the terms of the contract, payment, full scope of work, and timelines. Also provide all the hardcopy information you may have on your project to help the writer get started. The ghostwriter will start to compile the information provided, detail the research and interviews that need to be done, and they will create an outline of the project as well as a synopsis to show their understanding of the project. Throughout this initial process, you’ll most likely have several meetings with your ghostwriter so you are both clear on the goals, tone, and content. You’ll then approve the outline and synopsis and the ghost will conduct the necessary research and interviews and start to write the draft. Depending on your agreement, most ghostwriters will provide updates by sending drafted chapters for your review, giving you the chance to make changes, edits, comments, or suggestions. Once the draft is completed, the ghostwriter will go through the manuscript and do a full edit before submitting it to you for your review. Many ghostwriters will also do a final edit and proofread once more before getting final approval of the project completion. Q: Who owns the copyright and gets credit for the work once the project is complete? A: Since the ghostwriter is paid to write anonymously for the person or company who hired them, the writing and project is owned by the person doing the hiring, which means the copyright is owned by them as well. Copyright law states that as soon as the work is created it is a protected work; however, most writers will have verbiage in their contract stating that the copyright reverts to the owner only after the agreed upon fee has been paid in full. Once the project has been approved and the scope of work satisfied, the copyright can be disputed until full payment is made. Q: Is hiring a ghostwriter and claiming the work as mine ethical or legal? A: As a point of law, ghostwriting is legal and has been a widely accepted practice throughout history.When you hire a ghostwriter, they are performing a service and getting paid for it. They agree to writing anonymously, trading credit for their work for pay. Famous celebrities, presidents, sports figures, and people from all walks of life, and even businesses, use ghostwriting services more often than you probably realize. However, is it ethical? Many might consider ghostwriting unethical or even plagiarism, but it is a huge grey area that can’t be pinned down with a yes or no answer. If full consent was given from the ghostwriter to relinquish their rights and credit to the work, or if the person claiming the work is theirs wasn’t the writer, but was heavily involved in bringing the project to completion, is it unethical? A ghostwritten project is a fully collaborative effort between the ghostwriter and the person commissioning the work. One brings the ideas and input, the other uses those ideas and input to create the final product. Ghostwriting is common practice and an honest service where ultimately each person must decide for themselves if they feel it is ethical or not to claim ghostwritten work as their own. Q: What types of terms should be involved in the contract? A: Once you have interviewed and picked an independent ghostwriter or a ghostwriting company to work with, everything you and your ghostwriter have agreed upon should be documented in a contract or letter of agreement signed by both parties. An independent ghostwriter might use a simple contract, laying out the terms of the work, payment, and timelines. As long as it covers all the necessities, it doesn’t have to be a long, formal document. A ghostwriting company will already have a standard contract in place that will be tailored to your particular project, if needed. Regardless of how you obtain your ghostwriting services, some normal terms to put within a contact include: An outline of the scope of work to be done by the ghostwriter, including things like interviews, research, outlines, drafting, editing, rewrites, estimated word, page, and/or chapter counts, etc. It should also include information on any required rewrites or extra services such as layout, cover design, printing, and/or distribution services.Timing and milestones for each step of the process should be listed out, including how often you want to see drafts of the writing, and due dates for final draft, edits and rewrites, and the final project. Fee amount and fee schedules, including any upfront retainer or deposit amount, payments during the project, and final payment at the end of the approved project. Transfer of copyright once the project fee has been paid in full should be noted.A statement of nondisclosure, or an actual nondisclosure agreement, explaining the full transfer of the work to the hirer of the project, and that the ghostwriter cannot disclose anything about the project or their work on the projectif that is what was agreed upon. Include any other pertinent information that is relevant to your project, and address terms in the case of default on either side, including recourses. Always be sure to have a signed and dated contract when starting a project with a ghostwriter. This protects you as the owner of the project as well as the ghostwriter for their services. Check here for sample contracts, letters of agreement, or nondisclosure agreement. Q: What can I expect to pay a professional ghostwriter and when? A: While money is certainly a large factor in whether or not you can hire a ghostwriter, it definitely shouldn’t be a deciding factor. The fee you are paying when it comes to the writing services you need go well beyond the written words. You are paying not only for the writer’s time, but their experience, skills, expertise, and knowledge. When a ghostwriter has more experience and understanding of the ghostwriting process, they can better align with your project versus someone with little experience or knowledge about your topic or genre. This experience and knowledge does often come with a difference in price. Ghostwriting fees vary on any number of factors. These include their experience and skills, the length and complexity of the topic and project, the estimated page or word count, the turnaround required, and the scope of work needed. While you certainly can get some great prices and â€Å"deals† on a job bidding site like Upwork or Fiverr, or even with a new ghostwriter, is it really a good deal? If you work with someone who does not fit your needs, then are forced to hire a second ghostwriter because the first one missed the mark, you haven’t saved any how time, effort, or money. You want the best writer for your project, and the fee should be reasonable to your need. When you need to make payment will also depend on who you hire. High-end ghostwriters will often require full upfront payment. But most ghosts will only require an upfront payment of one-third to one-half of the fee, with the balance due when the final project has been approved by you. Most reputable and specialized ghosts will charge an hourly, per-word, or project-based rate, rather than agreeing to work on a percentage of book sales (royalties), unless the project is sure to be a bestseller. Even then, you can expect to pay a project fee, hourly rate, or per-word rate along with a percentage of revenue. Q: What about confidentiality issues with the ghostwriter? A: When you hire a ghostwriter and have them sign a contract and/or nondisclosure agreement, the ghostwriter is bound to these agreements and cannot discuss or claim any part of the project. They cannot claim credit for writing the project and they cannot tell anyone they wrote the project. However, sometimes there is a reason you may want to negotiate with the ghostwriter to have them receive some of the credit for the work and have their name on the project. If you have hired a ghostwriter who is an expert in your project’s topic or they have some fame to their name, then it could be beneficial to transfer some of the credit and copyright to the writer. This can be done through co-author notation or with a brief statement on an acknowledgement page. Q: Will I have issues with the ghostwriter stealing my idea or the writing? A: Copyright law indicates that the written work is protected as soon as it is created and doesn’t have to be registered to be protected. Since you have a contract in place with your ghostwriter stating the scope of work, the fee amount, and all the terms and conditions, both the contract and copyright law will protect you in the event that the ghostwriter steals your idea or the final project. The contract will be a legal and binding document that you can take to court; however, the chances of the ghostwriter stealing your work are very slim if you have those protections in place. The ghostwriter will more likely be concerned with their reputation as an ethical ghostwriter and in building their business and clientele for future profit. Q: If I try to get my ghostwritten book published, do I have to disclose this to my publisher? A: If you’re self-publishing your project, like a nonfiction book or novel, no one ever needs to know that you hired a ghostwriter to write it. But what about if you are trying to get it published by a traditional publisher? The same applies. Through your hiring of, payment to, and contract with a ghostwriter, all rights and credit pertaining to your project are yours and yours alone. The contract ensures the work is yours, just as if you wrote the project yourself. Only you and the ghostwriter (or ghostwriting company) know otherwise. You are protected through any confidentiality and/or nondisclosure agreements made and don’t have to disclose the agreement to anyone unless you choose to. Q: Will I get to review the ghostwriter’s work throughout the project? A: As you are the person hiring the ghostwriter, you can decide if you want them to write the project all at once or if you want to review each new chapter draft. It is up to you and the writer and what you agree on. But it is highly recommended that you do periodic reviews of the work so you can make sure the ghost is not only on task but understands the scope of work as they do the writing. You need to let the writer know if they are on or off target with tone and voice, research, and the direction of your project. It’s much easier for the ghostwriter to make changes to a single chapter than to rewrite an entire project from the beginning. Q: What if I’m not satisfied with the ghostwriter’s work once they finish the project? A: This is a rare occurrence, especially if you took the time to review the draft periodically throughout the length of the project and made sure the ghost was on target as they worked. But being unhappy with the work once it is complete can happen. Assess why you didn’t like the end result, discuss this with the ghostwriter, and give them the opportunity to fix the issues. Addressing rewrites within the contract is important, and should detail solutions to potential problems. But if you determine that the project just didn’t work out, the writer is entitled to keep the upfront fee, to cover their invested time, unless otherwise stated in the signed contract. The writer’s fee might also be reverted to an hourly rate for the work completed. Q: Will the ghostwriter help me publish and market my book or project? A: Independent ghostwriters will help you with the interviewing, research, writing, and editing as a part of the project scope. It will be up to you to have any layout and design, printing, and marketing and distribution done if you are self-publishing a book project. Some may have contacts with agents or editors within traditional publishing fields which they may share with you, but this portion of the project is really up to you. This applies to books, business materials, blogs, articles, and other types of ghostwritten material. If you get your ghostwriting services through a ghostwriting company, then these run the gamut in the services they provide. Many will provide only the ghostwriting and all the elements to get the manuscript completed while others offer a whole project or book-in-a-box sort of experience. If you need the full line of services, including turning a manuscript into a hardcopy book or printed document, then you will want to check out Scribe’s book publishing services, The Ghost Publishing, or Premium Ghostwriters. Writing, regardless of the type of project, can be a daunting task. Not everyone has the skills and ability to take raw ideas, put them into written form, and make it successful. For anyone wanting to become an author of a book, novel, screenplay, article, or other type of content, hiring a ghostwriter can be the key to turning your ideas and knowledge into a published reality.

Lees Surrender essays

Lees Surrender essays Some people believe that Robert E. Lee did not have that much influence on the South. They believe that he was a just a great general and that he didn't have much impact on the Confederate states. These people must have been from the North because General Robert E. Lee had a great impact on the South during the war, but he had an even greater impact after the war. People do not always act in their own interests. The South spent more in loss of lives than keeping slavery was worth in economic terms. The North spent more fighting the South than it would have cost to pay for the slave owners for their property. "People by large are guided by leaders. When their leaders march off into a folly, the people often follow" (Alexander 318). The smartest thing Lee ever did was surrender at Appomattox and put an end to the fighting. Before Lee surrendered, he was confronted by Porter Alexander and offered the idea of guerrilla warfare. Lee forcefully and finally rejected the idea of this. He saved countless lives of his soldiers by rejecting this idea. Lee made this statement in the hours before the surrender, "It is our duty to live, for what will become of the women and children of the South if we are not here to support and protect them" (Bradford 111). The South had a great deal of honor and respect for Lee. Everyone knew that Lee had fought to the very end. He had a great influence over the South, consequently, when Lee asked his men to be as good as citizens of a united nation as they had been good soldiers in war, they agreed whole-heartily. His ideas "turned many Southerners away from their feelings of hate and revenge toward cooperation and peace" (Alexander 320). After the war, the South realized that slavery was too expensive. The day after the surrender, Lee told Grant, "The South was now as opposed to human bondage as the North" (Alexander 320). The only real issue between the North and ...

Post-occupancy evaluating of low income housing in the Kingdom of Dissertation

Post-occupancy evaluating of low income housing in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia - Dissertation Example 13 Pictures(3) Showsthe region of Ha’il, with the pleased of the project. 13 Pictures(4) Site plan of the Al-Ghazalah project 13 Pictures(5) Site plan of the Al-Ghazalah project 15 Pictures(6) Ground floor plan 15 Post-Occupancy Evaluation of Low Income Housing in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Chapter 1 Introduction Housing demand is one of the most important issues and challenges that face developing and developed countries (Al-klyfh, 2009). These countries have tried to solve their housing demands with different policies. Some policies and proposals have met the needs of different levels of society. One of these economic classes is called the low income group that encompass some Saudi Arabian people with low annual income. To address the issue on housing income, the government tried to establish residential complexes, an introductory concept and still under trial. This paper will focus on low income housing post occupancy evaluation as the main issue. The housing policy will b e assessed using the post-occupancy evaluation method (POE). However, before investigating the Saudi Arabian policy, it is important to investigate the different international policies for low income housing. 1.1. International policies for low income housing Many institutions, international agencies and local communities around the world have for many years now addressed poverty, increase standards of living,as well as provide adequate shelter for the poor (United Nations Centre for Human Settlements, 1987).These UN programs were allocated in 155 countries and have established national centres that work directly with various local government agencies (Tiesdell, 2004). Important processes that have been followed are: a. Secure possession of the land. b. Provide public facilities and services. c. Finance low-cost housing d. Provision of construction materials. e. Community participation. f. Cooperation with the private sector and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) (Tiesdell, 2004) . A review of socio-economic policies indicates that there is a growing interest in the issue of housing for the poor by civil society organizations and governments of many countries. A limited review on Saudi Arabia and the United Kingdom low cost housing will be included due to time constraints. 1.1.1. Affordable Housing in the UK Housing policies in Britain has local planning authorities mandate developers of housing projects to provide a certain percentage of affordable housing for low income groups (Tiesdell, 2004). The two aims are as follows: a. Social: sustain a mixed community in terms of income and social level and reduce illegal settlements that lack basic services b. Economic: shoulder part of the burden of financing in order to allow beneficiaries provided with lower prices than the market price or rent housing (social security) at less than the prevailing costs. UK housing, however, did not meet stated objectives, such as acceptance from high-income and middle classes due to preference